The Ideal Ruler Of Kant s Ruler - 1070 Words

The Ideal Ruler How should our ideal rulers and government behave? The question has been asked for centuries and is still asked today. In 1516, Niccolà ² Machiavelli attempted to answer this question in his work The Prince(Machiavelli 8). Centuries later a different view of an ideal ruler was proposed by an Enlightenment writer, Immanuel Kant. Although Niccolà ² Machiavelli and Immanuel Kant lived 250 years apart, both views have advantages and disadvantages in leading a country, Kant s ruler is a early model of a democratic ruler while Machiavelli s ruler was an ideal model for a absolute monarch. Immanuel Kant s view of an ideal leader is more beneficial to the European society during the Enlightenment since it reflect the characteristics of a democratic ruler. The ideal ruler Kant describes is fair, protects the freedom of man, and acts on the thoughts of his people. Insight about an ideal ruler can be gained by comparing and contrasting the views of these two great thinkers. Fairness in the treatment of his people is important to a democratic government and Immanuel Kant s described ruler. Immanuel Kant says an ideal ruler should treat a man according to their dignity (158). In contrast, Machiavelli s ideal ruler only must appear to be fair and compassionate. Machiavelli stated ruler must be Prudent in escaping the evil reputation attached to those vices (9). So a ruler only need the reputation of fairness and not the actual act itself. Fairness inShow MoreRelatedAn Analysis Of Euripides The Suppliants 1372 Words   |  6 PagesPlato describes the grave consequences of placing the power into the one or the few in his ideal yet authoritarian state. There are many issues with Euripides’ quote. Firstly, the term ‘proper judgment’ is extremely abstract. For instance, Machiavelli and Kant would have very different ideas on what ‘proper judgment’ may be, but both are thought to be notable political philosophers. The decisions rulers make will always be criticized by one group of people, so it is difficult to say for certainRead MoreFrench Revolution Vs. Immanuel Kant1265 Words   |  6 PagesDWC 201, Dr. Moffett Allison Lancaster Essay #1 French Revolution vs. Immanuel Kant In 1614, France’s Population changed dramatically. The citizens were placed in three classes of rank in society. These classes consisted of the Nobels, who were born of royal blood, the Aristocrats, who were independently wealthy, and then the rest of the population who were less fortunate in life. These non-aristocratic members made up 98 percent of the Third Estate, but even so, could still be outvotedRead MorePolitics, Society And The State Of Nature930 Words   |  4 PagesThough Rousseau and Kant state that civil society and humanity amongst citizens can only be found if they are not related to the state of nature, in their explanation of laws and society in their political recommendations, the visibility of the state of nature is evident. However, their ways of clarifying nature are not the traditional way. They took a more aggressive approach to defining the purpose of state of nature in relation to politics and society. The reason why Rousseau and Kant deny the conne ctionRead MoreThe Political Of Political Science Essay2347 Words   |  10 Pagespolitical philosophy has to have public face and public dimension.(Michael sandel)(Mughan,2012) Well,In my article I am going to present Plato,Thomas Hobbes and Jean Jacques Rousseau political thinkers their politiucalphilosophy,an analysis of their ideal state theory,their thoughts in practice. Theoritical Framework Political Theory and Political Philosophy Political Philosophy begins with the question what should be a person relationship to society?Although Political Theory and Political PhilosophyRead MoreWomen s Right For Equality1467 Words   |  6 Pagesachievements, as well as their missteps. Though we are making an effort to improve women s right for equality, the American dream is still yet to be achieved by many mothers, sisters, aunts, wives, and daughters. Yes all men are created equal but are women created equal as well? Their could be some discrepancy amongst the world that will say yes but women are a minority in this country. Men are the rulers over America, being very forgetful that because of women they live a productive lifestyleRead MoreTo What Extent Was The Enlightenment The Main Driving Force Behind The American And French Revolutions?1479 Words   |  6 PagesEnlightenment thinkers whereas the purpose of this investigation was to identify the Enlightenment s impact on the start of revolutions and explore oth er possible causes. Therefore, the scope of the source failed to agree with the scope of this investigation. Furthermore, the origin of this source is valuable because the authors have received education at prestigious universities and have earned degrees and PhD s in the fields of philosophy and political theory. Although the authors effectively assess andRead MoreThe Is The Choice For The Welfare Of All1919 Words   |  8 PagesIn an ideal world, democracy would stand as the preferable choice for the welfare of all. However, in the real world, this is not always the case. Today, the term dictatorship typically yields a negative connotation. Many associate this term with a ruler acting in force and in self-interest, with the governed body suffering as a result. On the contrary, the term democracy typically yields a positive connotation and evokes positive emotion. When evaluating these terms with respect to the philosophicalRead More Plato’s Republic: Justice and Injustice in Thrasymachus Account6580 Words   |  27 Pagesindividuals who are just and obey the laws of the society; (b) the tyrant or ruler who sets down laws in the society in order to exploit the many for personal advantage; (c) the stronger individual (kreittoon) or member of the society who is detached from the many and aspires to become the tyrant. Second, I argue that if Thrasymachus’s account of the perfectly unjust life of the tyrant is to be more than a theoretical ideal, then the stronger individual who aspires to the tyrant’s position would doRead MoreAre Democracies More Than Other Kinds Of Political Regimes? Essay2269 Words   |  10 Pagesof law protects the rights of citizens, maintains order, and limits the power of government. Every person is equal under the law (Barkawi and Laffey, 2001). Further, Democracy is largely supported by liberal thinkers such as John Locke and Immanuel Kant, and liberalism is the main theory, which supports democracy and identifi es the crucial aspects of democracy. Liberalism is considered as an alternative theoretical thinking to realism, which is regarded as the dominant theory in the internationalRead MoreCauses of 2003 Us Iraq War3883 Words   |  16 Pagesin order to determine the causes for war. Kant describes three conditions that are needed for perpetual peace, the first being that the citizens of a state will begin to demand economic and judicial rights. They will demand that their government be accountable for its policies and laws. This will establish the state as a liberal state and it will begin the process of becoming a democracy. A democracy with a republican constitution is preferred by Kant because, if fortune directs that a powerful

The Case For A Higher Minimum Wage - 1659 Words

Rachel Dorf The Case for a Higher Minimum Wage In 1938, the Federal Government established a minimum wage through the Fair Labor Standards Act, during the Great Depression. Its stated purpose was to keep American workers out of poverty and increase consumer purchasing power to help stimulate the economy. President Franklin Roosevelt, understood that the minimum wage should be a living wage, he stated â€Å"by living wages, I mean more than a bare subsistence level — I mean the wages of a decent living.† Today, the Minimum wage is critical for ensuring that hard work is rewarded with fair pay. However, its value has eroded substantially, factors such as inflation and rising prices are decreasing its purchasing power, and the minimum wage is no longer what it used to be, despite decades of economic growth. Today, a family can no longer live on minimum wage; and a single person working full time on minimum wage is barely above the poverty line. When President Obama gave his 2013 State of the Union address, he advocated raising minimum wage from $7.25 an hour to $10.10-yet a year later, this still hasn’t happened. For many working Americans a higher minimum wage will make the difference between living in poverty or not, furthermore it provides a stepping stone into the middle class for many families. If the minimum wage is increased to equal a current living wage, the income inequality gap will decrease and the quality of life for those living on minimum wage salaries will increase,Show MoreRelatedPros And Cons Of Raising The Minimum Wage1122 Words   |  5 PagesSince 2009, the federal minimum wage rate for employees has been $7.25 per hour. In retrospect, this is hardly enough pay to take care of one’s self-- let alone a family with children. If a person were to add up the average cost of living for one week and then compare it to the average amount of money earned in minimum wage for that week, it would be apparent that there is little to no extra money for emergency situations. Increasing the minimum wage has been a major controversial issue; DemocratsRead MoreMinimum Benefits Of Minimum Wages1399 Words   |  6 PagesMinimum wages are described as  Ã¢â‚¬Å"the minimum amount of remuneration that an employer is required to pay wage earners for the work/services performed during a given tenure, which cannot be reduced by collective agreement or an individual contract†. Minimum wages can be established by statute, competent decision authority, a wage board, a wage council, or by industrial or labour courts.   The significance of minimum wages is to shield workers against disproportionately low pay. They help safeguard anRead MoreMinimum Benefits Of Minimum Wage1359 Words   |  6 PagesMinimum wage is described as  Ã¢â‚¬Å"the minimum amount of remuneration that an employer is required to pay wage earners for the work/services performed during a given tenure, which cannot be reduced by collective agreement or an individual contract†. Minimum wage can be established by statute, competent decision authority, a wage board, a wage council, or by industrial or labour courts.   The significance of minimum wage is to shield workers against disproportionately low pay. They help safeguard an equitableRead MoreThe Benefits Of Raising The Minimum Wage706 Words   |  3 Pages Minimum wage is a difficult number to decide on because it affects different income earning citizens in different ways. According to Principles of Microeconomics, by N. Gregory Mankiw, minimum wage is a law that establishes the lowest price for labor that and employer may pay (Mankiw 6-1b). 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This new law created a maximum forty-four hour workweek, guaranteed â€Å"time-and-a-half† for overtime hours in certain jobs, banned oppressive child labor, and established the nation’s first minimum wage. By definition, a minimum wage is the lowest wage permitted by law or by a special agreement (such as one with a labor union). Throughout the years, the minimum wage has been a central debate topic for the socioeconomic worldRead MorePersuasive Speech Outline For Non Rising Of Minimum Wage Essay1228 Words   |  5 Pagessupport the non-rising of minimum wage. ___________________________________________________________________________ Introduction Attention getter (teaser): How many of you believe we in the state of California should have a higher minimum wage? Well we shouldn’t and I’m going to tell you why. Significance (why important to them?): A lot of people believe that because you re getting paid a higher minimum wage that it’s benefiting you but in reality that’s not the case. The purpose of my speechRead MoreThe Minimum Wage Debate1637 Words   |  7 PagesThe minimum wage debate brings about a range of reactions from different people. There are those who believe that there shouldn’t even be a minimum wage and that wages should be determined by the markets. On the other hand, we have those who vigorously argue for increasing the wage minimum citing inflation, the poverty line and worker productivity. Regardless, we do have a federal minimum wage rate in the United States at $7.25 per hour, with some states having a higher minimum wage than the federalRead MoreShould The Minimum Wage Be Raised?1307 Words   |  6 PagesSHOULD THE CURRENT MINIMUM WAGE BE RAISED TO $15.00? Fred Wehmer Embry Riddle Aeronautical University Author Notes Fred W. Wehmer, Professional Aeronautics, Embry Riddle Aeronautical University Contact: wehmerf@my.erau.edu ABSTRACT Fred W. Wehmer Embry Riddle Aeronautical University Rolf Hemmerling /ECON 211 11 October 2015 This paper will explore the pros and cons of raising the current minimum wage to $15.00. It will start with the history and reasons for the minimum wage. It will cite theRead MorePublic Policy Is Minimum Wage1486 Words   |  6 PagesAn important matter in public policy is minimum wage. Researchers Neumark and Wascher states, â€Å"It has been one of the highest controversy topics in the political arena.† Laws regarding minimum wage have been imposed by the federal government and changed within the years since 1938 when former president Franklin D. Roosevelt signed the Fair Labor Standards (FLS) from $0.30 to $7.25 an hour. Previously in the labor force, those in the mining, manufacturing, and transportation industries only compromised

Building Strong Relationships With Positive Energy

Question: The reflective journal provides you with the opportunity to reflect on your learning in this subject and its applicability to you as a manager and/or leader. In addition, it allows you to think about and comment on your learning in relation to the concepts, theories and practices presented and discussed in the course. Answer: Introduction Fostering the development of positive relationship within the workplace has been identified as a topic that is the focus of a number of researchers. Individuals in the setting of the society or the work place can be identified as negative energizers or positive energizers. The differences in these categories of energizers are known to be having extremely relevant implications on the settings they exist. Positive energizers contribute in creating and supporting vitality within the others in the settings (Domjan, 2009). They boost and uplift individuals. Interaction with positive energizers seems to be leaving the elevation and motivation in the feelings of others. Positive form of energizers have been identified for being optimistic, unselfish, trustworthy, and heedful. Interaction with them helps in building energy in individuals and in an experience of inspiration. Networks of Positive Energy Positive reinforcement is referred to as the practice to praise good efforts within the work place rather than, or along with it to criticize bad efforts. This has been identified as the tool of managers that can be used for the motivation of the employees for working in a well manner and fulfilling the expectations of the managers. Positive energy in the workplace are advantageous for the organizations not only by the performance being better but also helps to enable others for the performance in a better way (Harter, 2012). For an instance, studying the maps of network in the organizations that compare the position of people in the networks of information, influencing the networks, and positivity in the networks of energy. This contributes in revealing that a position of people within the network of energy seems to be highly predictive related to the success of the organization in comparison with his or her position in influencing the networks or the information. Maintaining a positive energy made people far better for succeeding in comparison with the center of influence network or the information. In addition to this, this success contributes in conveying towards the interaction with the ones creating the energies. Positive energy helps in making others better creators of energy (Iwata, 2007). As a matter of fact, it has been found that organizations with high performance have three times better positive energies in comparison with the average ones. Strong Interpersonal Relationships in the Organizations Leaders and managers influence interrelationships in the work place by the facilitation of positivity in energy, by both positive energy being modelled and to diagnose and build networks of positive energy amongst the others in the organization. As interaction with positive energy seems to be attractive in nature, more frequently, there is formation of positive relationships. Leaders may not only be radiating positive energy by themselves, but the identification of the ones presenting positive energies with whom work is being done, and recognizing, rewarding and supporting them. As sources of positive energy influence the activities being performed by the others, there can be placement of positive energies within the roles and tasks that assist others for interacting with the others (Mondadori, 2009). For an instance, this will result in the enhancement of performance related to widened segments, sections and fields of the employees and the work place. These sources of positive energ y can be referred to for coaching or mentoring the others, and the selection of these can be done for leading the initiatives of change in the organizations. Creation of Positive Strong Relations in the Workplace The first step in the development of positive and strong relationship in the work place is by providing supporting, honest, and direct feedback with respect to the negative attitudes and behaviors being presented and the influences these have over the business organization. Majority of the individuals are known for responding to the authentic feedback that is referred to as being helpful for the employees as well as the organization (Poling Normand, 2009). The second step that can be adopted by leaders of the organization is by the promotion of positive relationship focused on the reinforcement of organizational and individual strengths. By building and identifying the strengths of people can contribute in the production of higher benefits in comparison with correcting and finding their weak points. The relevance to enable positive relationships with the organizations is not a recent topic, but the influence of these types of relationships on a number of factors, have not yet been recognized in an appropriate manner in context with several researches (Skinner, 2008). These various factors include the physiological and emotional health of people, expectancy of life, and performance deviant in a positive manner within organizations and the relevant teams. Positive Reinforcement Positive reinforcement is referred to as the practice to praise good efforts within the work place rather than, or along with it to criticize bad efforts. This has been identified as the tool of managers that can be used for the motivation of the employees for working in a well manner and fulfilling the expectations of the managers. An entire system of rewards can be created by the managers of an organization favorable for the employees. It is not necessary that positive reinforcement can always be initiated on a large scale, a step in simple forms and gestures help in the formation of positive reinforcement anyways (Turner Zacharatos, 2012). Positive reinforcement is important and can be used for addressing an issue related to the organization as well. In consideration with positive reinforcement, it can be stated that the managers of the organizations must be avoiding favoritism. Focus must be created on rewarding the entire team rather than specific individuals. Conclusion Positive energizers contribute in creating and supporting vitality within the others in the settings. They boost and uplift individuals. Interaction with positive energizers seems to be leaving the elevation and motivation in the feelings of others. The relevance to enable positive relationships with the organizations is not a recent topic, but the influence of these types of relationships on a number of factors, have not yet been recognized in an appropriate manner in context with several researches (Zeiler, 2007). These sources of positive energy can be referred to for coaching or mentoring the others, and the selection of these can be done for leading the initiatives of change in the organizations. References Domjan, W. (2009). Aversive control: Avoidance and punishment, In: The Principles of Learning and Behavior. CA: Thompson Learning. pp. 302. Harter, J.K. (2012). Well-Being in the Workplace and its Relationship to Business Outcomes: A Review of the Gallup Studies, In C.L. Keyes J. Haidt (Eds.), Flourishing: The Positive Person and the Good Life, pp. 205-224. Washington D.C.: American Psychological Association. Iwata, B.A. (2007). Negative reinforcement in applied behavior analysis: an emerging technology. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 20, pp. 36178. Mondadori, C. (2009). Time-dependent effects of post-trial reinforcement, punishment or ECS on passive avoidance learning. Physiol Behav, 18, pp. 11039. Poling, A. Normand, M. (2009). Noncontingent reinforcement: an inappropriate description of time-based schedules that reduce behavior. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 32, pp. 2378. Skinner, B.F. (2008). The behavior of organisms, New York: Appleton-Century-Crofts. Turner, N. Zacharatos, A. (2012). Positive psychology at work, In C. R. Snyder S. J. Lopez (Eds.), Handbook of positive psychology, pp. 715728. New York: Oxford University Press. Zeiler, M.D. (2007). Fixed-interval behavior: effects of percentage reinforcement. Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 17(2), pp. 17789.

Lenin Essay Example

Lenin Essay Name: Course: Lecturer: Date: We will write a custom essay sample on Lenin specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Lenin specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Lenin specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Lenin Lenin believed that revolution ought to be pursued on a much broader sense than the current way that the working class was trying. During this time, there was great disparity between the haves and the have-nots or as Lenin describes them, â€Å"the propertied and the non propertied† (Lenin, n.d.). To make the differences a little more even, the working classes were forming trade organizations to use them as their bargaining tools. They used these unions to ask for better wages, working conditions. He argued that this was not the most effective way of pursuing a revolution. He advised the working class to form political parties in order to advance their Marxist ideas. Revolutions can only be brought about by dedicated revolutionaries who formed political parties to fight the political battles. According to his thoughts, political battles could not be fought through economic means but by political means. Lenin was of the social democracy ideology. He believed in a revolution but also believed in a peaceful revolution. His thought was that revolutions ought to be advanced through political means and not with militancy, violence or totalitarianism to propagate the revolution. Lenin viewed trade unions as source of enlightment. He believed that the working class was still not ready for a revolution. He therefore advocated for the idea of trade unions during the early stages of labor movements. This is because they helped to educate the working class on the evils of capitalism. He went ahead to advised his fellow social democrats to gang up the masses and help them to organize and set up trade unions. This would do a great deal in educating the working class on how to organize them in fighting against their employers. Although he deemed a political struggle to be more effective, he recognized that under the current tsarist, autocracy regime made it impossible to have a pre-emptive political struggle. This led him to recommend an economic struggle first, which was the organization of trade unions. Lenin was of the thought that the working class could not develop and advance real socialist consciousness from among themselves but from without. This meant that he believed that trade union was the only vehicle that would help entrench the real socialist consciousness in the minds of the working class, as they were not mature enough (Lenin, n.d.). He however maintained that there is a distinct separation between the trade unions and the socialist party. This means that he did not believe in trade unions as the agent for change but as mere tool of enlightening the working class on the evils being committed against them and give them the necessary courage to fight against the oppression. The absolute vehicle for change he reserved for the establishment of political parties. He believed that the political party ought to be lead by professional revolutionaries. For the trade unions, he advised that their leadership be open to any worker who had the idea and knowledge of the need for organization in mind. Social democracy is a political ideology that advances a complete revolution of a nation or society from capitalistic form of governance to a socialistic one. This revolution is however advanced through political and peaceful means. Any forms of militancy, violence or totalitarianism are not incorporated as a means for transition. The change into socialism is a change into a form of governance where the all the powers and means of production and the goods produced are vested in the community. The community owns the total capital, the distribution processes and all the land together. Individual ownership of property is highly detested. Lenin was of the idea that social democracy was inevitable. He was against capitalism or any other form of system of social organization. He however was of the thought that this revolution would be spurred by the spontaneous growth of the labor movement. Works Cited Lenin, Vladimir. What is to be done (1902)? n.d. Web. 11 July 2011.